It is true that most airliners are on IFR flight plans and don't fly the same pattern that one might be accostumed to in a 172.
At major airports (let's say most Class B) alot of the traffic is directed onto either an ILS or a straight in visual. This is probably just due to the large volume of aircraft coming in.
At smaller airports in visual conditions it's common to get a visual approach. Again it might be straight in or if you're coming from the opposite direction you would fly a visual pattern much like you would in a Cessna with a downwind and a base-final. Of course it's a wider pattern cause you're going faster and you'll usually join the final further out, maybe that's why it seems they're going straght in.
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